Django ORM 基础：模型定义、数据库迁移与增查实现

DATABASES = {
  'default': {
    'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
    'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
  }
}<br data-filtered="filtered"><br data-filtered="filtered">BASE_DIR 是代表当前的文件夹 settings，

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

#继承来自models ,
class Book(models.Model):
  name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
  price = models.IntegerField()
  Date = models.DateField()
  auth = models.CharField(max_length=32)
  publish = models.CharField(max_length=32)

python manage.py makemigrations 
python manage.oy migrate 

{% load staticfiles %} #  ------引用静态文件
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Title</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static '/bootstrap-3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.css/' %}" rel="external nofollow" >  # ---导入bootstrap 文件

  <style>

    .container{
      margin-top: 50px;
    }

  </style>

</head>
<body>


<div class="container">
  <div class="row">


    <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-2">
    <a href="/addbook/" rel="external nofollow" ><button class="btn btn-primary">添加书籍</button></a>
    <table class="table table-striped">
      <tr>
        <th>ID</th>
        <th>书名</th>
        <th>价格</th>
        <th>出版日期</th>
        <th>作者</th>
        <th>出版社</th>
      </tr>
{#      <tr>#}
{#        <td>1</td>#}
{#        <td>水浒城</td>#}
{#        <td>110</td>#}
{#        <td>2011.1.1</td>#}
{##}
{#        <td>egon</td>#}
{#        <td>人民出版社</td>#}
{#      </tr>#}
{#       <tr>#}
{#        <td>2</td>#}
{#        <td>水浒城</td>#}
{#        <td>110</td>#}
{#        <td>2011.1.1</td>#}
{##}
{#        <td>egon</td>#}
{#        <td>人民出版社</td>#}
{#      </tr>#}
       {% for book in book_list %}  #--从数据库取到的数据是一个QuerySet集合，进行for循环，遍历出每个对象，
      <tr>

          <td>{{ book.id }}</td> #---把每个对象的属性的值渲染出来，
          <td>{{ book.name }}</td>
          <td>{{ book.price }}</td>
          <td>{{ book.Date }}</td>
          <td>{{ book.auth }}</td>
          <td>{{ book.publish }}</td>

      </tr>
      {% endfor %}
    </table>

  </div>
  </div>

</div>
</body>

<script>


</script>

</html>

{% load staticfiles %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Title</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static '/bootstrap-3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.css/' %} " rel="external nofollow" >

  <style>
    .container{
      margin-top: 50px;
    }
  </style>

</head>
<body>


<div class="container">

  <div class="row">

    <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-2">
{#      {{ csrf-token }}#}
      <form class=addbook" action="/addbook/" method="post">

{#      当点击添加按钮时，是执行视图函数，在数据库中添加一条记录,然后再把这个记录添加到index页面#}

      <div class="form-group">
        <label for="bookname">书名：</label>
        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="bookname" name="bookname">  #---input 中的name属性，用于获取输入的值，
      </div>
      <div class="form-group">
        <label for="price">价格：</label>
        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="price" name="price"> #---input 中的name属性，用于获取输入的值，
      </div>
      <div class="form-group">
        <label for="Date">日期：</label>
        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="Date" name="Date">  #---input 中的name属性，用于获取输入的值，
      </div>
      <div class="form-group">
        <label for="auth">作者：</label>
        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="auth" name="auth">  #---input 中的name属性，用于获取输入的值，
      </div>

      <div class="form-group">
        <label for="publish">出版社：</label>
        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="publish" name="publish">  #---input 中的name属性，用于获取输入的值，
      </div>

      <input class="btn btn-info" type="submit" value='添加'>

      </form>



    </div>
  </div>

</div>


</body>

</html>

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin

from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
  url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
  url(r'^index/$',views.index),
  url(r'^addbook/$',views.addbook),
]

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect

# Create your views here.
from app01.models import Book

def index(request):

  #把数据库的数据嵌入到页面进行显示
  #查询api,所有书籍
  book_list = Book.objects.all() #数据类型是QuerySet:[book1,book2...]

  return render(request,'index.html',locals())


def addbook(request):

  #是form提交post的方法，
  if request.method == 'POST':
    #从form表单取数据
    bookname = request.POST.get('bookname')
    price = request.POST.get('price')
    Date = request.POST.get('Date')
    auth = request.POST.get('auth')
    publish = request.POST.get('publish')

  #把数据存到数据库，先把models 中的表引导到views文件

  #方法1,左边的name 是models里的字段名，对应到form里取到的值，


    Book.objects.create(name = bookname,price = price, Date = Date, auth = auth , publish = publish)


  #存到数据库后要放到index页面，但现在是addbook页面，所以要跳转

    return redirect('/index/')

  return render(request,'addbook.html')