Python PyAutoGUI 自动化操作指南：鼠标键盘控制与图像识别

Theo

发布时间：2026-10-13 | 6人浏览过

原创

本文介绍 Python 库 PyAutoGUI 的安装与核心功能，涵盖跨平台鼠标键盘模拟、消息框交互及截屏定位。通过具体代码示例展示如何获取屏幕尺寸、执行点击移动、文本输入及快捷键组合，并演示利用 locateOnScreen 进行图像匹配与自动化点击，适用于桌面应用自动化测试场景。

PyAutoGUI 简介与安装

简介

PyAutoGUI 是一个跨平台且无外部依赖的自动化测试工具，主要功能包括控制鼠标和键盘操作、获取屏幕尺寸、弹出消息对话框以及进行屏幕截图。

安装

pip install pyautogui

鼠标与键盘自动化控制

鼠标键盘控制


 >>> import pyautogui
  >>> screenWidth, screenHeight = pyautogui.size()
  >>> currentMouseX, currentMouseY = pyautogui.position()
  >>> pyautogui.moveTo(100, 150)
  >>> pyautogui.click()
  >>> pyautogui.moveRel(None, 10) # move mouse 10 pixels down
  >>> pyautogui.doubleClick()
  >>> pyautogui.moveTo(500, 500, duration=2, tween=pyautogui.tweens.easeInOutQuad) # use tweening/easing function to move mouse over 2 seconds.
  >>> pyautogui.typewrite('Hello world!', interval=0.25) # type with quarter-second pause in between each key
  >>> pyautogui.press('esc')
  >>> pyautogui.keyDown('shift')
  >>> pyautogui.typewrite(['left', 'left', 'left', 'left', 'left', 'left'])
  >>> pyautogui.keyUp('shift')
  >>> pyautogui.hotkey('ctrl', 'c')

消息对话框交互

显示消息弹出框


 >>> import pyautogui
  >>> pyautogui.alert('This is an alert box.')
  'OK'
  >>> pyautogui.confirm('Shall I proceed?')
  'Cancel'
  >>> pyautogui.confirm('Enter option.', buttons=['A', 'B', 'C'])
  'B'
  >>> pyautogui.prompt('What is your name?')
  'Al'
  >>> pyautogui.password('Enter password (text will be hidden)')
  'swordfish'

屏幕截图与图像定位

截屏


  >>> import pyautogui
  >>> im1 = pyautogui.screenshot()
  >>> im1.save('my_screenshot.png')
  >>> im2 = pyautogui.screenshot('my_screenshot2.png')

定位截屏


  >>> import pyautogui
  >>> button7location = pyautogui.locateOnScreen('button.png') # returns (left, top, width, height) of matching region
  >>> button7location
  (1416, 562, 50, 41)
  >>> buttonx, buttony = pyautogui.center(button7location)
  >>> buttonx, buttony
  (1441, 582)
  >>> pyautogui.click(buttonx, buttony) # clicks the center of where the button was found