Python实现蓝牙通信：pybluez与socket编程详解
发布时间：2026-10-13 |
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本文详细介绍如何在Linux环境下使用Python进行蓝牙通信开发。内容涵盖pybluez库的安装、设备发现与服务查询，并深入解析基于RFCOMM和L2CAP两种协议的Socket编程模型。通过服务器端与客户端的完整代码示例，展示如何建立连接、发送数据及调整MTU大小，为开发者提供实用的蓝牙通信实现方案。
本文主要介绍基于Python实现蓝牙通信的具体代码实例。文中提供了详细的示例代码，对读者的学习或实际工作具有参考价值，建议相关技术人员仔细阅读并参考。
环境安装与设备发现
安装步骤与基础示例
在Linux系统中进行环境配置
sudo apt-get install python-pip libglib2.0-dev
sudo pip install bluepy参考官方提供的示例代码
import btle
class MyDelegate(btle.DefaultDelegate):
def __init__(self, params):
btle.DefaultDelegate.__init__(self)#..
.initialise here
def handleNotification(self, cHandle,
data): #...perhaps check cHandle#...process 'data'
#
Initialisation-- -- -- -
p = btle.Peripheral(address)
p.setDelegate(MyDelegate(params))
# Setup to turn notifications on, e.g.#svc =
p.getServiceByUUID(service_uuid)# ch =
svc.getCharacteristics(char_uuid)[0]# ch
.write(setup_data)
# Main loop-- -- -- --
while True:
if p.waitForNotifications(1.0): #
handleNotification() was called
continue
print "Waiting..."#
Perhaps do something
else here蓝牙通信模块pybluez的使用指南
确定蓝牙通信的目标对象
import bluetooth
target_name = "My Device"
target_address = None
nearby_devices = bluetooth.discover_devices()
for bdaddr in nearby_devices:
if target_name == bluetooth.lookup_name(
bdaddr):
target_address = bdaddr
break
if target_address is not None:
print(
"found target bluetooth device with address ",
target_address)
else :
print(
"could not find target bluetooth device nearby"
)查询目标设备的服务信息
import bluetooth
nearby_devices = bluetooth.discover_devices(
lookup_names = True)
for addr, name in nearby_devices:
print(" %s - %s" % (addr, name))
services = bluetooth.find_service(
address = addr)
for svc in services:
print("Service Name: %s" % svc["name"])
print(" Host: %s" % svc["host"])
print(" Description: %s" % svc[
"description"])
print(" Provided By: %s" % svc[
"provider"])
print(" Protocol: %s" % svc["protocol"])
print(" channel/PSM: %s" % svc["port"])
print(" svc classes: %s " % svc[
"service-classes"])
print(" profiles: %s " % svc["profiles"])
print(" service id: %s " % svc[
"service-id"])
print("")基于RFCOMM协议的通信实现
利用RFCOMM协议进行通信
采用类似Socket编程模型的蓝牙通信开发方式
1. 服务器端程序实现
import bluetooth
server_sock = bluetooth.BluetoothSocket(
bluetooth.RFCOMM)
port = 1
server_sock.bind(("", port))
server_sock.listen(1)
client_sock, address = server_sock.accept()
print "Accepted connection from ",
address
data = client_sock.recv(1024)
print "received [%s]" % data
client_sock.close()
server_sock.close()2. 客户端程序实现
import bluetooth
bd_addr = "01:23:45:67:89:AB"
port = 1
sock = bluetooth.BluetoothSocket(
bluetooth.RFCOMM)
sock.connect((bd_addr, port))
sock.send("hello!!")
sock.close()基于L2CAP协议的通信与MTU调整
通过L2CAP协议进行通信
L2CAP的Socket方式与RFCOMM高度相似，主要区别在于L2CAP使用0x1001到0x8FFF范围内的奇数端口。默认连接下，可靠报文传输大小为672字节。
1. 服务器端程序实现
import bluetooth
server_sock = bluetooth.BluetoothSocket(
bluetooth.L2CAP)
port = 0x1001
server_sock.bind(("", port))
server_sock.listen(1)
client_sock, address = server_sock.accept()
print "Accepted connection from ",
address
data = client_sock.recv(1024)
print "received [%s]" % data
client_sock.close()
server_sock.close()2. 客户端程序实现
import bluetooth
sock=bluetooth.BluetoothSocket(bluetooth.L2CAP)
bd_addr = "01:23:45:67:89:AB"
port = 0x1001
sock.connect((bd_addr, port))
sock.send("hello!!")
sock.close()调整最大传输单元（MTU）大小
l2cap_sock = bluetooth.BluetoothSocket( bluetooth.L2CAP )
# connect the socket
bluetooth.set_l2cap_mtu( l2cap_sock, 65535 )以上为本文的全部内容，希望能为各位的学习带来帮助，同时也欢迎大家继续支持本站获取更多技术资源。
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