Python使用Turtle库绘制多国国旗详解

Luna

发布时间：2026-10-14 | 3人浏览过

原创

本文介绍如何使用Python内置的turtle库绘制包括中国、瑞士、美国及民国时期的多国国旗。通过具体的代码示例，详细解析了五星红旗、青天白日旗、瑞士红底白十字旗及美国星条旗的绘制逻辑与实现步骤，帮助开发者掌握图形编程技巧。

Python绘制国旗概述

国旗作为国家主权意识的体现，往往承载着特定的历史传统与国家特色，其起源可追溯至近代欧洲。本文旨在利用Python中广泛使用的turtle图形库，演示如何绘制几面具有代表性的国旗。

五星红旗绘制

五星红旗

中华人民共和国国旗为五星红旗，其设计由一颗大五角星与四颗环绕的小五角星构成，背景色为红色。具体的Python实现代码如下：


turtle.setup(600,400,0,0)
turtle.bgcolor("red")
turtle.fillcolor("yellow")
turtle.color('yellow')
turtle.speed(10)
# 主星
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.up()
turtle.goto(-280,100)
turtle.down()
for i in range (5):
  turtle.forward(150)
  turtle.right(144)
turtle.end_fill()
# 副星
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.up()
turtle.goto(-100,180)
turtle.setheading(305)
turtle.down()
for i in range (5):
  turtle.forward(50)
  turtle.left(144)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.up()
turtle.goto(-50,110)
turtle.setheading(30)
turtle.down()
for i in range (5):
  turtle.forward(50)
  turtle.right(144)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.up()
turtle.goto(-40,50)
turtle.setheading(5)
turtle.down()
for i in range (5):
  turtle.forward(50)
  turtle.right(144)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.up()
turtle.goto(-100,10)
turtle.setheading(300)
turtle.down()
for i in range (5):
  turtle.forward(50)
  turtle.left(144)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.done()

运行上述代码后的视觉效果如下：

青天白日旗绘制

青天白日旗

青天白日旗曾是民国时期的国旗，旗面以蓝色象征青天，中央绘有射出光芒的白色太阳图案。对应的代码实现如下：


t.colormode(255)
rcblue=(4,0,174)
rcred=(254,0,0)
def ol(r):
  na = 15 / 180 * math.pi
  ol=2*r*math.cos(na)
  ol=int(round(ol))
  return ol
def loop(r):
  t.fd(ol(r))
  t.right(150)
def main0(a,b):
  t.color(rcred)
  t.penup()
  t.goto(-a/2,b/2)
  t.pendown()
  t.begin_fill()
  t.goto(-a/2,-b/2)
  t.goto(a/2,-b/2)
  t.goto(a/2,b/2)
  t.end_fill()
  t.penup()
  t.goto(-a/4,b/4)
  t.pendown()
def main1(a1,b1):
  t.color('gray',rcblue)
  t.penup()
  t.right(90)
  t.fd(b1/2)
  t.left(90)
  t.pendown()
  t.begin_fill()
  t.fd(a1/2)
  t.left(90)
  t.fd(b1)
  t.left(90)
  t.fd(a1)
  t.left(90)
  t.fd(b1)
  t.left(90)
  t.fd(a1/2)
  t.end_fill()
  t.penup()
  t.goto(-a/4,b/4)
  t.seth(0)
  t.pendown()
def main2(r):
  t.pensize = 20
  t.color('white', 'white')
  t.penup()
  t.fd(r)
  t.right(180 - 30 / 2)
  t.pendown()
  t.begin_fill()
  for i in range(12):
    loop(r)
  t.end_fill()
  t.penup()
  t.goto(-a/4,b/4)
  t.seth(0)
  t.pendown()
def main3(r1,r2):
  t.color(rcblue, rcblue) 
  t.begin_fill()
  t.up()
  t.right(90)
  t.fd(r1)
  t.left(90)
  t.pd()
  t.circle(r1)
  t.end_fill()
  t.penup()
  t.goto(-a/4,b/4)
  t.pendown()
  t.color('white', 'white')
  t.begin_fill()
  t.pu()
  t.right(90)
  t.fd(r2)
  t.left(90)
  t.pd()
  t.circle(r2)
  t.end_fill()
  t.penup()
  t.goto(-a/4,b/4)
  t.seth(0)
  t.pendown()
def main(a,b):
  a1 = a / 2
  b1 = b / 2
  r = a1 / 4
  r2 = a1 / 8
  r1 = b1 * 17 / 80
  main0(a,b)
  main1(a1,b1)
  main2(r)
  main3(r1,r2)
a=1020
b=680
t.setup(1100,700,100,0)

该代码执行后的显示效果如下：

瑞士国旗绘制

红底白十字旗

瑞士国旗采用红底白十字设计，与其他国家不同，其形状为正方形，这象征着该国坚守中立的外交政策。相关代码实现如下：


def draw_crossshaped(aTurtle, width=0, height=0, color=None):
  aTurtle = turtle.Turtle()
  aTurtle.hideturtle()
  aTurtle.penup()
  aTurtle.goto(30, 50)
  aTurtle.begin_fill()
  aTurtle.fillcolor(color)
  for i in range(4):
    aTurtle.pendown()
    aTurtle.fd(width)
    aTurtle.rt(90)
    aTurtle.fd(height)
    aTurtle.rt(90)
    aTurtle.fd(width)
    aTurtle.lt(90)
  aTurtle.end_fill()
def draw_RQ(times=20.0):
  width, height = 26 * times, 26 * times
  window = turtle.Screen()
  aTurtle = turtle.Turtle()
  aTurtle.hideturtle()
  aTurtle.speed(10)
  aTurtle.penup()
  aTurtle.goto(-width / 2, height / 2)
  aTurtle.pendown()
  aTurtle.begin_fill()
  aTurtle.fillcolor('red')
  aTurtle.fd(width)
  aTurtle.right(90)
  aTurtle.fd(height)
  aTurtle.right(90)
  aTurtle.fd(width)
  aTurtle.right(90)
  aTurtle.fd(height)
  aTurtle.right(90)
  aTurtle.end_fill()
  draw_crossshaped(aTurtle, width=80, height=80, color='white')
  window.exitonclick()

绘制完成后的效果如下：

美国星条旗绘制

星条旗

美国国旗（星条旗）由左上角的蓝色区域与其余部分的红白相间条纹组成。蓝色区域内排列着50颗白色五角星，其余部分包含13道红白条纹。具体代码实现如下：


# 画条纹
def drawSquar():
  turtle.color('black', 'red')
  turtle.begin_fill()
  for i in range(7):
    turtle.forward(600)
    turtle.left(90)
    turtle.forward(350 / 13)
    turtle.left(90)
    turtle.forward(600)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(350 / 13)
    turtle.right(90)
  turtle.end_fill()
# 画左上角的小矩形
def drawSmallsqure():
  turtle.color('blue')
  turtle.begin_fill()
  turtle.left(90)
  turtle.forward(350 / 2)
  turtle.left(90)
  turtle.forward(300)
  turtle.left(90)
  turtle.forward(350 * 7 / 13)
  turtle.left(90)
  turtle.forward(300)
  turtle.end_fill()
# 画左上角的星星
def drawSrarts():
  x = -10
  y = 0
  for k in range(4):
    x = -15
    for i in range(6):
      turtle.goto(x, y)
      turtle.color('white')
      turtle.begin_fill()
      for j in range(5):
        turtle.left(144)
        turtle.forward(20)
      x -= 50
      turtle.end_fill()
    y += 350 / 13 * 2
  x = -10
  y = 350 / 13
  for i in range(3):
    x = -35
    for j in range(5):
      turtle.goto(x, y)
      turtle.color('white')
      turtle.begin_fill()
      for k in range(5):
        turtle.left(144)
        turtle.forward(20)
      x -= 50
      turtle.end_fill()
    y += 350 / 13 * 2
turtle.setup(0.8, 0.8, -100, -100)
turtle.speed(10)
turtle.pu()
turtle.forward(300)
turtle.left(90)
turtle.forward(350 / 2)
turtle.left(90)
drawSquar()
turtle.home()
drawSmallsqure()
turtle.home()
drawSrarts()
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.done()

最终生成的图像效果如下：