Python调用企业微信API发送图文消息及防阻塞方案

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发布时间：2026-10-14 | 3人浏览过

原创

本文详解如何使用Python调用企业微信API发送包含图片链接的消息。针对图片上传导致主线程阻塞的问题，提供基于多线程的封装方案，并结合OpenCV处理图像，实现高效稳定的消息推送。

企业微信API调用难点与URL方案

企业微信的API文档可读性较差，这给开发者带来了一定困扰。

虽然企业微信原生支持在正文中直接显示图片，但尝试调用相关API时一直报错，经过多次调试仍未解决。最终决定采用拼接图片URL的方式嵌入文字消息。这种方式的优势在于解耦了图片存储与企业微信的限制，未来可灵活更换图床。需要注意的是，企业微信免费版每日上传图片数量有限制（约200张），若需求量大，建议采用第三方图床服务。

为避免图片上传过程阻塞主线程，我将上传逻辑封装在一个使用新线程执行的方法中。经实际测试，若不采用此方式，程序确实会出现卡顿现象。

核心代码实现与多线程封装


import requests
import json
from threading import Thread
import cv2
import os


class Wechat_Info():
  def __init__(self):
    self.partyID = ''
    self.corpID = ''
    self.secret = ''
    self.agentID = ''
    self.token = None
    self.pic = None

  def __get_token(self, corpid, secret):
    Url = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken"
    Data = {
      "corpid": corpid,
      "corpsecret": secret
    }
    r = requests.get(url=Url, params=Data)
    token = r.json()['access_token']
    return token

  def send_message(self, message):
    url = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/send?access_token={}".format(
      self.__get_token(self.corpID, self.secret))
    data = {
      "toparty": self.partyID,
      "msgtype": "text",
      "agentid": self.agentID,
      "text": {
        "content": message
      },
      "safe": "0"
    }
    result = requests.post(url=url, data=json.dumps(data))
    return result.text

  def get_media_url(self, path): ##上传到图片素材 图片url
    Gtoken = self.__get_token(self.corpID, self.secret)
    img_url = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/uploadimg?access_token={}".format(Gtoken)
    files = {'media': open(path, 'rb')}
    r = requests.post(img_url, files=files)
    re = json.loads(r.text)
    # print("media_id: " + re['media_id'])
    return re['url']

  def send_pic(self, pic_path):
    img_url = self.get_media_url(pic_path)
    url = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/send?access_token={}".format(
      self.__get_token(self.corpID, self.secret))
    data = {
      "toparty": self.partyID,
      "msgtype": "text",
      "agentid": self.agentID,
      "text": {
        "content": img_url
      },
      "safe": "0"
    }
    result = requests.post(url=url, data=json.dumps(data))
    return result.text

  def send_violence_warning(self, pic_path):
    img_url = self.get_media_url(pic_path)
    url = "https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/send?access_token={}".format(
      self.__get_token(self.corpID, self.secret))
    data = {
      "toparty": self.partyID,
      "msgtype": "text",
      "agentid": self.agentID,
      "text": {
        "content": '【管理员注意】，有校园暴力行为发生，请及时处理！监控图片>>' + img_url
      },
      "safe": "0"
    }
    result = requests.post(url=url, data=json.dumps(data))
    return result.text

  def send_violence_warning_read_path_from_class(self):
    pic_path = 'temp.jpg'
    cv2.imwrite(pic_path, self.pic)
    self.send_violence_warning(pic_path)
    os.remove(pic_path)

  def send_violence_warning_in_new_thread(self, pic):
    self.pic = pic
    thread = Thread(target=self.send_violence_warning_read_path_from_class)
    thread.start()



if __name__ == '__main__':
  wechat_info = Wechat_Info()
  # result = wechat_info.send_message('微信测试_2020')
  # result = wechat_info.send_pic('C:\\Users\\JiaDing\\Desktop\\pic.jpg')
  result = wechat_info.send_violence_warning('C:\\Users\\JiaDing\\Desktop\\pic.jpg')
  print(result)