C#使用Socket实现本地多人聊天室
本文详解使用C#和Socket技术构建本地多人聊天室的实现方法,涵盖服务端与客户端的代码结构。
原理与准备
多人聊天室基于TCP协议通信。服务端需绑定IP地址(如本机 127.0.0.1)和端口监听请求;客户端连接后建立套接字会话。利用多线程分别处理:接收连接、读取消息和发送广播,以实现即时通讯功能。
第1步:启动服务端并监听
在控制台创建一个监听指定端口(如 8800)的服务端程序。
- 参数配置:使用
IPEndPoint将IPAddress.Any或127.0.0.1与端口绑定。 - 操作过程:实例化
Socket对象并调用Bind()和Listen()开启监听。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace ConsoleApp1
{
public class Server
{
Socket mySocket = null;
Dictionary<IPAddress, Socket> cliDic = new Dictionary<IPAddress, Socket>();
public void Connect(int port)
{
string IP = "127.0.0.1";
IPAddress address = IPAddress.Any;
IPEndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint(address, port);
mySocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
mySocket.Bind(endPoint);
mySocket.Listen(0); // 允许无限个队列
Thread myThread = new Thread(Listen_Con);
myThread.Start();
Console.WriteLine("开始监听...");
}
public void Listen_Con(Object obj)
{
Socket cliSocket = null;
while (true)
{
try
{
cliSocket = mySocket.Accept();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
string cliEndPoint = cliSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
IPAddress cliAddress = (cliSocket.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Address;
int cliPort = (cliSocket.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Port;
cliDic.Add(cliAddress, cliSocket);
string MsgStr = "[客户端结点:" + cliEndPoint + "\n+客户端IP:" + cliAddress.ToString() + "\n客户端端口:" +
cliPort.ToString() + "\n已连接]";
byte[] MsgBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(MsgStr);
cliSocket.Send(MsgBytes);
Thread rec_Cli = new Thread(Receive_Con);
rec_Cli.Start(cliSocket);
Thread sed_Cli = new Thread(SendToCli);
sed_Cli.Start(cliSocket);
}
}
public void Receive_Con(Object socket)
{
Socket client = socket as Socket;
while (true)
{
//创建大小为1024*1024的内存缓冲区(1M)
byte[] recBytes = new byte[1024 * 1024];
try
{
int length = client.Receive(recBytes);
string recMsg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(recBytes, 0, length);
if (cliDic.Count > 0)
{
foreach (var soc in cliDic)
{
soc.Value.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("[" + soc.Value.RemoteEndPoint + "]:" + recMsg));
}
}
Console.WriteLine("[" + client.RemoteEndPoint + "]:" + recMsg);
}
catch (Exception)
{
cliDic.Remove((client.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Address);
Console.WriteLine("[客户端" + (client.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Address + "已断开]");
Console.WriteLine("[客户端终结点:" + client.RemoteEndPoint+"]");
client.Close();
break;
}
}
}
public void SendToCli(object obj)
{
Socket curCliSoc = obj as Socket;
while (true)
{
byte[] ByteToAll = new byte[1024 * 1024];
try
{
string MsgToAll = Console.ReadLine();
ByteToAll = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("[服务端]:"+MsgToAll);
curCliSoc.Send(ByteToAll);
}
catch(Exception)
{
Console.WriteLine("ERROR:" + curCliSoc.RemoteEndPoint + "已与服务端断开!");
curCliSoc.Close();
if(cliDic.ContainsKey((curCliSoc.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Address))
{
cliDic.Remove((curCliSoc.RemoteEndPoint as IPEndPoint).Address);
}
}
}
}
}
public class ServerMain
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Server s1 = new Server();
s1.Connect(8800);
}
}
}服务端运行结果,展示监听启动状态及新连接确认信息:
第2步:配置客户端进行连接
编写客户端程序,通过循环尝试连接指定的服务器IP和端口。
- 入口设置:设定
SerIP为127.0.0.1。 - 核心动作:使用
Connect()发起握手,成功后立即启动独立线程用于接收服务端广播的消息。
using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace ConsoleApp1
{
public class Client
{
string SerIP = "127.0.0.1";
Socket myClient = null;
Thread ConnectThread = null;
IPAddress SerAdd;
IPEndPoint SerEP;
public void Connect_To_Ser(int port)
{
myClient = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
SerAdd = IPAddress.Parse(SerIP);
SerEP = new IPEndPoint(SerAdd, port);
while (true)
{
try
{
myClient.Connect(SerEP);
break;
}
catch
{
Console.WriteLine("无法连接到服务端,请重试...");
}
}
ConnectThread = new Thread(Receive_Ser);
ConnectThread.Start();
}
public void Receive_Ser()
{
while (true)
{
byte[] SerBytes = new byte[1024 * 1024];
try
{
int length = myClient.Receive(SerBytes);
string Msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(SerBytes, 0, length);
Console.WriteLine(Msg);
}
catch (Exception)
{
Console.WriteLine("已与服务端断开连接...");
break;
}
}
}
public void SendToSer()
{
while (true)
{
try
{
string SendMsg = Console.ReadLine();
myClient.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(SendMsg));
}
catch (Exception)
{
Console.WriteLine("[SendToSer]已断开连接");
break;
}
}
}
}
public class ClienMain
{
static void Main(string[] Args)
{
Client c1 = new Client();
c1.Connect_To_Ser(8800);
c1.SendToSer();
}
}
}第3步:验证通信效果
按顺序启动多个客户端窗口,验证数据在不同节点间的转发。
- 先于服务端启动:若服务端未就绪,客户端进入重连等待状态。
①客户端先于服务端运行效果:
②客户端迟于服务端运行效果:
整体交互流程:
功能待完善:
①客户端连上服务端后若服务端断开再打开,客户端无法重连。
②心跳包重连机制。
总结
C# Socket聊天室实现了基本的局域网即时通讯功能。掌握其逻辑后,可根据需求扩展断线重连或添加加密传输等高级特性。
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