SQL Server 索引碎片分析与自动维护脚本分享

-- Begin Index(索引) 分析优化的相关 Sql
-- 返回当前数据库所有碎片率大于25%的索引
-- 运行本语句会扫描很多数据页面
-- 避免在系统负载比较高时运行
declare @dbid int
select @dbid = db_id()
SELECT o.name as tablename,s.* FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats (@dbid, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) s,sys.objects o
where avg_fragmentation_in_percent>25 and o.object_id =s.object_id
order by avg_fragmentation_in_percent desc
GO

-- 当前数据库可能缺少的索引
-- 非常好用的 Sql 语句
select d.*
, s.avg_total_user_cost
, s.avg_user_impact
, s.last_user_seek
,s.unique_compiles
from sys.dm_db_missing_index_group_stats s
,sys.dm_db_missing_index_groups g
,sys.dm_db_missing_index_details d
where s.group_handle = g.index_group_handle
and d.index_handle = g.index_handle
order by s.avg_user_impact desc
go

-- 自动重建或重新组织索引
-- 比较好用，慎用，特别是对于在线 DB
-- Ensure a USE <databasename> statement has been executed first.
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @objectid int;
DECLARE @indexid int;
DECLARE @partitioncount bigint;
DECLARE @schemaname nvarchar(130);
DECLARE @objectname nvarchar(130);
DECLARE @indexname nvarchar(130);
DECLARE @partitionnum bigint;
DECLARE @partitions bigint;
DECLARE @frag float;
DECLARE @command nvarchar(4000);
-- Conditionally select tables and indexes from the sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats function
-- and convert object and index IDs to names.
SELECT 
object_id AS objectid,
index_id AS indexid,
partition_number AS partitionnum,
avg_fragmentation_in_percent AS frag
INTO #work_to_do
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats (DB_ID(), NULL, NULL , NULL, 'LIMITED')
WHERE avg_fragmentation_in_percent > 10.0 AND index_id > 0;
-- Declare the cursor for the list of partitions to be processed.
DECLARE partitions CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM #work_to_do;
-- Open the cursor.
OPEN partitions;
-- Loop through the partitions.
WHILE (1=1) 
BEGIN;
FETCH NEXT 
FROM partitions 
INTO @objectid, @indexid, @partitionnum, @frag;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS < 0 BREAK;
SELECT @objectname = QUOTENAME(o.name), @schemaname = QUOTENAME(s.name)
FROM sys.objects AS o
JOIN sys.schemas as s ON s.schema_id = o.schema_id
WHERE o.object_id = @objectid;
SELECT @indexname = QUOTENAME(name)
FROM sys.indexes
WHERE object_id = @objectid AND index_id = @indexid;
SELECT @partitioncount = count (*)
FROM sys.partitions
WHERE object_id = @objectid AND index_id = @indexid;
-- 30 is an arbitrary decision point at which to switch between reorganizing and rebuilding.
IF @frag < 30.0 
SET @command = N'ALTER INDEX ' + @indexname + N' ON ' + @schemaname + N'.' + @objectname + N' REORGANIZE';
IF @frag >= 30.0 
SET @command = N'ALTER INDEX ' + @indexname + N' ON ' + @schemaname + N'.' + @objectname + N' REBUILD';
IF @partitioncount > 1 
SET @command = @command + N' PARTITION=' + CAST(@partitionnum AS nvarchar(10));
EXEC (@command);
PRINT N'Executed: ' + @command;
END;
-- Close and deallocate the cursor.
CLOSE partitions;
DEALLOCATE partitions;
-- Drop the temporary table.
DROP TABLE #work_to_do;
GO

-- 查看当前数据库索引的使用率
-- 非常的有用
SELECT 
object_name(object_id) as table_name,
(
select name 
from sys.indexes 
where object_id = stats.object_id and index_id = stats.index_id 
) as index_name,
* 
FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats as stats 
WHERE database_id = DB_ID() 
order by table_name

-- 指定表的索引使用情况
declare @table as nvarchar(100)
set @table = 't_name';
SELECT 
(
select name 
from sys.indexes 
where object_id = stats.object_id and index_id = stats.index_id 
) as index_name,
* 
FROM sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats as stats 
where object_id = object_id(@table) 
order by user_seeks, user_scans, user_lookups asc
--End Index 分析优化的相关 Sql