Django urls.py 路由配置的三种常用写法解析

Ada

发布时间：2026-10-13 | 3人浏览过

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本文详细解析Django项目中urls.py文件的三种主流配置方式。第一种通过直接导入视图函数进行映射；第二种采用字符串形式的视图路径引用；第三种利用patterns函数设置前缀以简化URL定义。文章通过具体代码示例对比各写法的异同，帮助开发者根据项目需求选择最合适的路由配置方案，提升代码可读性与维护效率。

在Django项目中，urls.py文件的路由配置通常存在三种常见的实现方式。

第一种方式是通过导入视图函数来定义URL映射，这也是《The Django Book》示例中采用的标准写法。

from blog.views import index 
url(r'^nowamagic/', index)

第二种方式直接使用字符串形式的视图处理路径，从代码结构即可清晰看出其工作原理。

url(r'^nowamagic/', 'test.views.index')

第三种方式则是将模型与视图名称合并到URL前缀中进行定义。

urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views',   
url(r'^nowamagic$', 'index' )  
url(r'^nowamagic/\d{2}/$', 'index') 
url(r'^nowamagic/(?P<id>\d{2})/$', 'index' )

这三种方法在核心逻辑上大同小异，主要区别在于代码的组织形式。

以下是对上述几种配置方式的详细代码总结：

from django.conf.urls.defaults import *

urlpatterns = patterns('',
  # test_client modeltest urls
  (r'^test_client/', include('modeltests.test_client.urls')),
  (r'^test_client_regress/', include('regressiontests.test_client_regress.urls')),

  # File upload test views
  (r'^file_uploads/', include('regressiontests.file_uploads.urls')),

  # Always provide the auth system login and logout views
  (r'^accounts/login/$', 'django.contrib.auth.views.login', {'template_name': 'login.html'}),
  (r'^accounts/logout/$', 'django.contrib.auth.views.logout'),

  # test urlconf for {% url %} template tag
  (r'^url_tag/', include('regressiontests.templates.urls')),

  # django built-in views
  (r'^views/', include('regressiontests.views.urls')),

  # test urlconf for middleware tests
  (r'^middleware/', include('regressiontests.middleware.urls')),

  # admin view tests
  (r'^test_admin/', include('regressiontests.admin_views.urls')),
  (r'^generic_inline_admin/', include('regressiontests.generic_inline_admin.urls')),

  # admin widget tests
  (r'widget_admin/', include('regressiontests.admin_widgets.urls')),

  (r'^utils/', include('regressiontests.utils.urls')),

  # test urlconf for syndication tests
  (r'^syndication/', include('regressiontests.syndication.urls')),

  # conditional get views
  (r'condition/', include('regressiontests.conditional_processing.urls')),

  # middleware exceptions tests
  (r'middleware_exceptions/', include('regressiontests.middleware_exceptions.urls')),

  # special headers views
  (r'special_headers/', include('regressiontests.special_headers.urls')),
)

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