Python交互式图形编程实战：温度转换与方块移动

陈默

发布时间：2026-10-13 | 2人浏览过

原创

本文提供两个Python交互式图形编程实例。第一个实例展示如何使用graphics库构建摄氏与华氏温度转换工具，包含界面绘制、事件监听及数据计算逻辑。第二个实例演示利用Tkinter Canvas实现红色方块的键盘控制移动，涵盖事件绑定与坐标更新。代码完整可直接运行，适合Python图形界面初学者参考学习。

本文分享了两个Python交互式图形编程的具体实现代码，供读者参考学习。

#!/usr/bin/env python3# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#温度转换

from graphics import *
 
win = GraphWin("摄氏温度转换器", 400, 300)
win.setCoords(0.0, 0.0, 3.0, 4.0)
# 绘制接口
Text(Point(1,3), " 摄氏温度:").draw(win)
Text(Point(1,1), " 华氏温度:").draw(win)
input = Entry(Point(2,3), 5)
input.setText("0.0")
input.draw(win)
output = Text(Point(2,1),"")
output.draw(win)
button = Text(Point(1.5,2.0),"转换")
button.draw(win)
Rectangle(Point(1,1.5), Point(2,2.5)).draw(win)
# 等待鼠标点击
win.getMouse()
# 转换输入
celsius = eval(input.getText())
fahrenheit = 9.0/5.0 * celsius + 32.0
# 显示输出，改变按钮
output.setText(fahrenheit)
button.setText("退出")
# 等待响应鼠标点击，退出程序
win.getMouse()
win.close()

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#方块移动

from tkinter import *
 
def main():  
  tk = Tk()
  canvas = Canvas(tk, width = 400, height = 400)
  canvas.pack()
 
  def moverectangle(event):
    if event.keysym == "Up":
      canvas.move(1,0,-5)
    elif event.keysym == "Down":
      canvas.move(1,0,5)
    elif event.keysym == "Left":
      canvas.move(1,-5,0)
    elif event.keysym == "Right":
      canvas.move(1,5,0)
     
  canvas.create_rectangle(180,180,220,220,fill="red")
  canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Up>",moverectangle)
  canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Down>",moverectangle)
  canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Left>",moverectangle)
  canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Right>",moverectangle)
  tk.mainloop()
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from graphics import *

 
def convert(input):
  celsius = eval(input.getText())  # 输入转换
  fahrenheit = 9.0/5.0 * celsius + 32
  return fahrenheit 
def colorChange(win,input):
  cnum = eval(input.getText())
  weight = cnum / 100.0
  newcolor = color_rgb(int(255*weight),int(66+150*(1-weight)),int(255*(1-weight)))
  win.setBackground(newcolor)
def main():
  win = GraphWin("摄氏温度转换", 400, 300)
  win.setCoords(0.0, 0.0, 3.0, 4.0)
  # 绘制输入接口
  Text(Point(1,3),
     " 摄氏温度:").draw(win)
  Text(Point(2,2.7),
     " (请输入： 0.0-100.0 )").draw(win)
  Text(Point(1,1),
     "华氏温度:").draw(win)
  input = Entry(Point(2,3), 5)
  input.setText("0.0")
  input.draw(win)
  output = Text(Point(2,1),"")
  output.draw(win)
  button = Text(Point(1.5,2.0),"转换")
  button.draw(win)
  rect = Rectangle(Point(1,1.5), Point(2,2.5))
  rect.draw(win)
  # 等待鼠标点击
  win.getMouse()
  result = convert(input)  # 转换输入
  output.setText(result)  # 显示输出 
  # 改变颜色
  colorChange(win,input)
  # 改变按钮字体
  button.setText("退出")
  # 等待点击事件，退出程序
  win.getMouse()
  win.close()
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

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