Windows下Python 3.7安装Numpy及依赖库的完整指南
本文详细记录了在Windows系统中为Python 3.7安装Numpy、Pandas及Matplotlib等库时遇到的常见问题及解决方案。针对Win7和Win10系统，介绍了通过CMD命令行安装时提示缺少C++ 14.0的解决方法，包括下载对应版本的whl文件以及安装Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools的具体步骤。
在Windows 7操作系统中，首先从Python官方网站下载并安装Python 3.7版本。
打开命令提示符（CMD）窗口。
pip install numpy #在cmd中输入
执行安装命令后，系统提示需要安装C++ 14.0运行库。
针对上述问题的解决步骤如下：
1. 访问https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#wordcloud页面，找到与Python版本匹配的Numpy文件进行下载。
若使用的是Windows 10系统，同样从Python官网下载并安装Python 3.7版本。
打开命令提示符（CMD）窗口。
pip install numpy #在cmd中输入
执行安装命令后，系统提示需要安装C++ 14.0运行库。
针对上述问题的解决步骤如下：
1. 访问https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#wordcloud页面，找到与Python版本匹配的Numpy文件进行下载。
根据电脑系统及已安装的Python版本，选择列表中的最后一个兼容文件进行下载，并将其保存在Python安装目录下。随后在CMD中进入该目录。
在命令行中输入命令：pip install numpy‑1.14.1+mkl‑cp37‑cp37m‑win_amd64.whl 即可完成安装。
C:\Users\12345\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\Scripts>pip install numpy-1.14.3+mkl-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl Processing c:\users\12345\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\scripts\numpy-1.14.3+mkl-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl Installing collected packages: numpy Successfully installed numpy-1.14.3+mkl
安装Pandas库的方法与上述步骤相同。
下载对应的Pandas whl文件后，将其复制到目录：\Users\12345\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\Scripts>。
pip install pandas-0.23.0-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl
安装图形界面库Seaborn的操作流程也与此一致。
pip install seaborn-0.8.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
但在安装Matplotlib时，遇到了错误提示：error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 is required. Get it with "Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools": http://landinghub.visualstudio.com/visual-cpp-build-tools。
解决该问题的方法是下载所需的Visual C++构建工具。
下载地址为：http://1445568.ch1.data.tv002.com:443/down/fd9282f666dce22ef8848171236f456a-3287928/visualcppbuildtools_full.exe?cts=f-D120A234A24A43F105e1&ctp=120A234A24A43&ctt=1528324956&limit=1&spd=150000&ctk=17728aba100ad4e1159d27227523f6da&chk=fd9282f666dce22ef8848171236f456a-3287928&mtd=1
下载并安装完成后，重新执行命令：pip install matplotlib-2.2.2-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl。
C:\Users\12345\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\Scripts>pip install matplotlib-2.2.2-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl Processing c:\users\12345\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\scripts\matplotlib-2.2.2-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.10 in c:\users\12345\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from matplotlib==2.2.2) (1.11.0) Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing!=2.0.4,!=2.1.2,!=2.1.6,>=2.0.1 in c:\users\12345\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from matplotlib==2.2.2) (2.2.0) Requirement already satisfied: pytz in c:\users\12345\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from matplotlib==2.2.2) (2018.4) Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.1 in c:\users\12345\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from matplotlib==2.2.2) (2.7.3) Requirement already satisfied: cycler>=0.10 in c:\users\12345\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from matplotlib==2.2.2) (0.10.0) Collecting kiwisolver>=1.0.1 (from matplotlib==2.2.2) Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ConnectTimeoutError(<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x000001AEFF3E5F60>, 'Connection to 10.180.28.148 timed out. (connect timeout=15)')': /simple/kiwisolver/ Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ConnectTimeoutError(<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x000001AEFF3E5B38>, 'Connection to 10.180.28.148 timed out. (connect timeout=15)')': /simple/kiwisolver/ Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ConnectTimeoutError(<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x000001AEFF3E59E8>, 'Connection to 10.180.28.148 timed out. (connect timeout=15)')': /simple/kiwisolver/ Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ConnectTimeoutError(<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x000001AEFF407B70>, 'Connection to 10.180.28.148 timed out. (connect timeout=15)')': /simple/kiwisolver/ Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/31/60/494fcce70d60a598c32ee00e71542e52e27c978e5f8219fae0d4ac6e2864/kiwisolver-1.0.1.tar.gz Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.7.1 in c:\users\12345\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from matplotlib==2.2.2) (1.14.3+mkl) Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in c:\users\12345\appdata\local\programs\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from kiwisolver>=1.0.1->matplotlib==2.2.2) (39.0.1) Installing collected packages: kiwisolver, matplotlib Running setup.py install for kiwisolver ... done Successfully installed kiwisolver-1.0.1 matplotlib-2.2.2
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