详解matplotlib中pyplot和面向对象两种绘图模式之间的关系

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
plt.show()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
plt.plot([1,2])
plt.show()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
plt.gca()
plt.show()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
plt.figure()
# 或者plt.gcf()
plt.show()

figManager = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_fig_manager(num)
figManager = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_active()

def figure(num=None, # autoincrement if None, else integer from 1-N
      figsize=None, # defaults to rc figure.figsize
      dpi=None, # defaults to rc figure.dpi
      facecolor=None, # defaults to rc figure.facecolor
      edgecolor=None, # defaults to rc figure.edgecolor
      frameon=True,
      FigureClass=Figure,
      clear=False,
      **kwargs
      ):

  figManager = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_fig_manager(num)
  if figManager is None:
    max_open_warning = rcParams['figure.max_open_warning']

    if len(allnums) == max_open_warning >= 1:
      cbook._warn_external(
        "More than %d figures have been opened. Figures "
        "created through the pyplot interface "
        "(`matplotlib.pyplot.figure`) are retained until "
        "explicitly closed and may consume too much memory. "
        "(To control this warning, see the rcParam "
        "`figure.max_open_warning`)." %
        max_open_warning, RuntimeWarning)

    if get_backend().lower() == 'ps':
      dpi = 72

    figManager = new_figure_manager(num, figsize=figsize,
                    dpi=dpi,
                    facecolor=facecolor,
                    edgecolor=edgecolor,
                    frameon=frameon,
                    FigureClass=FigureClass,
                    **kwargs)
  return figManager.canvas.figure

def plot(*args, scalex=True, scaley=True, data=None, **kwargs):
  return gca().plot(
    *args, scalex=scalex, scaley=scaley,
    **({"data": data} if data is not None else {}), **kwargs)

def gcf():
  """
  Get the current figure.

  If no current figure exists, a new one is created using
  `~.pyplot.figure()`.
  """
  figManager = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_active()
  if figManager is not None:
    return figManager.canvas.figure
  else:
    return figure()

def gca(**kwargs):
  return gcf().gca(**kwargs)

def get_current_fig_manager():
  """
  Return the figure manager of the current figure.

  The figure manager is a container for the actual backend-depended window
  that displays the figure on screen.

  If if no current figure exists, a new one is created an its figure
  manager is returned.

  Returns
  -------
  `.FigureManagerBase` or backend-dependent subclass thereof
  """
  return gcf().canvas.manager

class Gcf:
  """
  Singleton to maintain the relation between figures and their managers, and
  keep track of and "active" figure and manager.

  The canvas of a figure created through pyplot is associated with a figure
  manager, which handles the interaction between the figure and the backend.
  pyplot keeps track of figure managers using an identifier, the "figure
  number" or "manager number" (which can actually be any hashable value);
  this number is available as the :attr:`number` attribute of the manager.

  This class is never instantiated; it consists of an `OrderedDict` mapping
  figure/manager numbers to managers, and a set of class methods that
  manipulate this `OrderedDict`.

  Attributes
  ----------
  figs : OrderedDict
    `OrderedDict` mapping numbers to managers; the active manager is at the
    end.
  """